Patients (n = 50) were stratified by beta-blocker use and then randomized to a 7-minute infusion of epinephrine, norepinephrine, or placebo. After study infusion, DFT testing was repeated.
The neurosurgical team ordered a one-time dose of mannitol for cerebral edema, fentanyl for headache, and a norepinephrine drip to maintain the systolic BP >180 mm Hg. An intravenous cooling ...