Retinol increases cell turnover, which can lighten pigmentation. "For melasma, retinol can be used as a stand-alone topical ...

Learn about melasma, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options. Discover expert tips for managing this common skin ...

but most demonstrate limited if any success in treating melasma. The er:YAG laser revealed some improvement, but significant postinflammatory pigmentation requiring 6 months of treatment resulted ...

Laser facials and chemical peels containing alpha hydroxy acids are the two main options for in-office treatments. "Nd:YAG lasers and Pico lasers have demonstrated effective at improving melasma ...