Within a cell, DNA carries the genetic code for building proteins. To build proteins, the cell makes a copy of DNA, called ...

So how does protein synthesis make hair? If you've looked at the activity (or even the text version of the activity), you know how a section of DNA instructs a cell how to make a protein.

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“What all of this was saying was that we were getting a totally unprecedented mechanism for ribosome-mediated protein synthesis,” Weissman says. “Every other time that people have seen the ribosome ...

This process of protein synthesis occurs in two stages - transcription and translation. When a gene is to be expressed, the base sequence of DNA is copied or transcribed into mRNA (messenger RNA).