Researchers have identified acute effects of cigarette and e-cigarette smoking on vascular function, even without nicotine. The results of the ongoing research are being presented next week at the ...
Methods The study population included 21 severe AATD (ZZ), 22 moderate AATD (MZ) and 23 non-AATD (MM) individuals, further categorised as healthy, unobstructed current smokers or patients with chronic ...