Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells employ a polymer membrane with acid side groups to conduct ... The energy required for swelling (or shrinking) of the membrane depends on the material ...
The behavior of liquid water in the internal passages of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells, a class of low temperature fuel cells, presents a serious challenge to the development of reliable ...
The new electrolyzer should produce hydrogen almost as efficiently as a PEM electrolyzer ... materials. According to the researchers, the newly developed coating process for the membrane electrode ...